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| linuxfreebsdswitcherhelp [2017/08/02 07:57] – NielsKobschaetzki | linuxfreebsdswitcherhelp [2018/04/01 01:02] (current) – wiki markup MarkLinimon |
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| In addition there is the [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/|Handbook]] which is available in several languages. | In addition there is the [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/|Handbook]] which is available in several languages. |
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| | ===== Hardware ===== |
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| | Devices are usually called like their driver. Thus you do not have //ethXXX// but for example //iwnX// or //emX//. You can find more information about the drivers in their man page. The examples here would be //em(4)' and// iwn(4)//.// |
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| | Disks are not named //hdX// or //sdX// but usually //daX// or //adaX//, again like their driver. //da(4)' and// ada(4) //are the man pages for these examples. With// camcontrol devlist //you will get a list of devices.// |
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| ===== Base and Ports/Packages ===== | ===== Base and Ports/Packages ===== |
| When you see recommendations for software, you usually see them in the style of //sysutils/htop// which means that it is in ///usr/ports/sysutils/htop//. | When you see recommendations for software, you usually see them in the style of //sysutils/htop// which means that it is in ///usr/ports/sysutils/htop//. |
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| * [[Handbook about Ports|https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-using.html]] | * [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-using.html|Handbook about Ports]] |
| * [[Handbook about Packages|https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/pkgng-intro.html]] | * [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/pkgng-intro.html|Handbook about Packages]] |
| * [[PkgPrimer|https://wiki.freebsd.org/PkgPrimer]] | * [[PkgPrimer]] |
| * [[Handbook about Poudriere|https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-poudriere.html]] | * [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-poudriere.html|Handbook about Poudriere]] |
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| ===== Run Levels, eh User Modes ===== | ===== Run Levels, eh User Modes ===== |
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| Since %%FreeBSD%% does not use SysVinit there are no run levels. There is only single user mode and multi-user mode. | Since %%FreeBSD%% does not use %%SysVinit%% there are no run levels. There is only single user mode and multi-user mode. |
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| * //shutdown now// will bring you from single user to multi user. More than once did I use //shutdown now// and wondered why my system didn't switch off. | * //shutdown now// will bring you from single user to multi user. More than once did I use //shutdown now// and wondered why my system didn't switch off. |
| More infos in //shutdown(8)// | More infos in //shutdown(8)// |
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| You don't want to use //reboot// usually. Reboot will not orderly shut down your system but sends them a SIGTERM or a SIGKILL and reboots. If you can use //shutdown -r now//. | You don't want to use //reboot(8)// usually. Reboot does not orderly shut down your system but sends them a SIGTERM or a SIGKILL and reboots. If you can, use //shutdown -r now//. |
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| ==== Services ==== | ==== Services ==== |
| * //zfs list -o space//: List all zfs and how much space they use, incl. the space used up by snapshots | * //zfs list -o space//: List all zfs and how much space they use, incl. the space used up by snapshots |
| * //zfs export/import//: When you use ZFS on an external drive, you need to export it before you unmount. Otherwise you might have problems mounting it on another system. | * //zfs export/import//: When you use ZFS on an external drive, you need to export it before you unmount. Otherwise you might have problems mounting it on another system. |
| * //zfs send/receive//: You can send zfs over the network, great for backups. A helpful blogpost is [[here|https://www.grendelman.net/wp/fast-frequent-incremental-zfs-backups-with-zrep/]] | * //zfs send/receive//: You can send zfs over the network, great for backups. A helpful blogpost is [[https://www.grendelman.net/wp/fast-frequent-incremental-zfs-backups-with-zrep/|here]] |
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| More info in the [[Handbook|https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs.html]]; or in the man pages: zfs(8) and zpool(8). | More info in the [[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs.html|Handbook]]; or in the man pages: zfs(8) and zpool(8). |
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| If you want to use snapshotting for automated local backups, I recommend //sysutils/zfsnap//, //sysutils/zfsnap2// or //sysutils/life-preserver//. When using X the Lumina Desktop from %%TrueOS%% has a file manager called Insight which will give you a slider to move the view of the current folder between snapshots. You need to install the Lumina Desktop (x11/lumina) to get it. | If you want to use snapshotting for automated local backups, I recommend //sysutils/zfsnap//, //sysutils/zfsnap2// or //sysutils/life-preserver//. When using X the Lumina Desktop from %%TrueOS%% has a file manager called Insight which will give you a slider to move the view of the current folder between snapshots. You need to install the Lumina Desktop (x11/lumina) to get it. |
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| For having a safety net when doing upgrades or install new software I recommend sysutils/beadm which will give you boot environments. Practically you can create a new boot environment, play around with it and if it is broken, you can switch back to your old state. A useful blogpost is [[here|https://dan.langille.org/2015/03/13/upgrading-from-freebsd-9-3-to-freebsd-10-1-using-beadm-and-freebsd-update/]]. | For having a safety net when doing upgrades or install new software I recommend sysutils/beadm which will give you boot environments. Practically you can create a new boot environment, play around with it and if it is broken, you can switch back to your old state. A useful blogpost is [[https://dan.langille.org/2015/03/13/upgrading-from-freebsd-9-3-to-freebsd-10-1-using-beadm-and-freebsd-update/|here]]. |
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