Let's Encrypt with acme.sh

WORK IN PROGRESS - I am converting these instructions to use acme.sh

I use X.509 certificates signed by Let's Encrypt for all of my internal services that use TLS, including web servers, mail servers, LDAPS server, etc.

I use security/acme.sh to help generate and automatically renew these certificates. Upstream instructions for how to use this tool are available at https://wiki.acme.sh/.

# pkg install acme.sh

Let's Encrypt will sign your certificate if you can demonstrate that you control the domain. It does this by issuing the client software with a challenge… For more information about how Let's Encrypt works, visit https://github.com/Neilpang/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi. I use Gandi as my DNS provider, so I have followed the instructions at https://github.com/Neilpang/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#18-use-gandi-livedns-api.

After this, acme.sh can generate a new Let's Encrypt account key and certificate, get them signed, and install them with the following command:

...

This will give verbose output and perform the following:

• create a new 4096-bit RSA account key, and save it as …/privkey.pem (can be changed with -f)
• create a new 4096-bit RSA domain key, and save it as …/privkey.pem (can be changed with -k)
• request Let's Encrypt to sign the new certificate, and automatically satisfy any challenges …
• save the signed public domain certificate (cert.pem), chain (chain.pem), and full-chain (fullchain.pem) in …/acme/

Now that you have a signed certificate, re-configure nginx.conf to instead listen for HTTPS connections on port 443, and re-direct HTTP connections to HTTPS. Note that you must keep the directory alias for responding to Let's Encrypt challenges on HTTP port 80.

server {
	listen		80;
	server_name	example.com www.example.com;

	# Lets encrypt
	location ^~ /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
		alias	/usr/local/www/acme/;
	}

	# Redirect other HTTP connections to HTTPS
	location / {
		return	301 https://example.com$request_uri;
	}
}

server {
	listen			443 ssl;
	server_name		example.com www.example.com;
	ssl_certificate		/usr/local/etc/ssl/acme/fullchain.pem;
	ssl_certificate_key	/usr/local/etc/ssl/acme/private/privkey.pem;

	... MOVE REMAINDER OF NGINX CONFIG FOR WEBSITE HERE
}

Restart nginx with:

# service nginx restart

In a web browser, go to http://example.com/ and confirm it re-directs to https://example.com/ and the browser trusts the certificate.

Now visit https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ to see how your website scores, and close any security flaws as necessary.

Two of the common fixes that need to be applied are:

• Tighten the SSL configuration (limiting the protocols and ciphers) - refer to the Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator
• Using audited and resistant Diffie-Hellman groups to prevent the initial handshake from being hijacked - see the pre-defined DH groups ffdhe2048, ffdhe3072 or ffdhe4096 recommended by the IETF in RFC 7919