This page will list everything that is needed to create published versions of our documentation for sale. The current plan is update the Handbook in order to provide a PDF to FreeBSD Mall for a printed book edition, and to create Google Book and Kindle versions for supported e-readers with e-reader proceeds going directly to the Foundation. Once this pilot project is complete, the viability of creating other publications for sale (e.g. Porter's Handbook) can be discussed.
There is still a demand for a printed version of the handbook from customers of e.g. FreeBSD Mall. It was suggested that the Fourth Edition should cover FreeBSD 9.X releases, and future books 10.X, 11.X etc. The current Third Edition was published in 1993 and covers FreeBSD 4.X and 5.X only. Due to the current size of the Handbook (currently 1491 printed pages), it was recommended to change from a two volume printed edition to a three volume edition: 1) FreeBSD installation and basic system administration 2) FreeBSD as a server OS 3) FreeBSD as a desktop OS. But since PC-BSD is making such a good progress on the desktop side, we should not try to compete with them when our resources can be focused elsewhere. So we decided that we should focus on 1) FreeBSD installation and basic system administration 2) FreeBSD as a server OS only.
Repository branch
The book will be created in a separate branch in SVN in order not to disrupt the current handbook too much. A typical example for this is the removal of non-9.X content from the print edition while the online handbook still has relevant 8.X information in it. We'll try to merge improvements made in the print edition branch back into the online handbook and plan to do so after the book is released. If you want to help out, send us patches against the branch, not the online handbook. This will increase the chances that your patch gets committed sooner (note that this is not the only criteria, but an important one).
Rough schedule
- schema update, tagging, and figuring out what is needed by end of 2012 - mostly finished, see table below
- content updating till end of October - under way, please see the lists below and pick tasks to work on
- November for copy-edit and review by Editor
- New date: publish in time for end of the year 2013
Editorial Discussion
- published version should remove authors names from section and include in Acknowledgements (should this also be for online edition?)
- some sub-sections are unnecessarily deep; do we want to place a cap on levels and reorganize accordingly?
- regarding trademarks, should we adopt the policy of “first mention” in the Copyright section, then no longer needed in rest of Handbook?
- the use of bold needs to be compared to typographic conventions
- not including Appendix D reduces Handbook from 1491 to 954 pages
- all sections should begin with a Synopsis/Introduction; should this be a subsection or just the introductory material after the title of the section?
- all sections (where applicable) should be divided between a Quick Start and Advanced topics
- would be useful for each section to end with a Troubleshooting section that contains common errors and how to resolve them as well as links to additional resources
- titles need to be reviewed for proper capitalization–are our title capitalization rules recorded in FDP?
- need a cheatsheet of formatting stuff for writers: title rules, when to include manpage number, how to setup a section, rules on subsections, not having titles with no content other than more subsections, when to use index tags, adding tags for older versions that won't be in the book, rule for using acronyms (e.g. only first use is spelled out), format of hyphenated words, reword titles with “?”, figure naming, an or a before N,
The results (archive.org) of the above discussion.
Table 1: What Needs to Happen
This is by no means a complete list. Add tasks as needed.
| Task | Responsible | Estimated Completion Date |
|---|---|---|
| Create Table of Contents for each Publication (book) | ||
| Work through the current list of handbook PRs for available patches | End of August 2012 | |
| Review Handbook to remove stuff prior to 9.X | all | December 2012/January 2013 |
| Complete Table 2 for each chapter | ||
| Update Screenshots | ||
| Update Glossary | ||
| Update indexterms for each chapter | ||
| Write Preface for each Publication | ||
| Add artwork to explain concepts (dru@ has access to an artist) | ||
| Commission Cover Art | dru@ | 3 weeks prior to publication |
| Convert to pdf (for Mall) | bcr@, with help from gabor@ | |
| Create Foundation accounts for Amazon and Google Books | dru@ | 1 week prior to publication |
| Convert to epub (using new XML DocBook XSLT) | bcr@, with help from gabor@ | |
| Convert HTML to Kindle format for Amazon | dru@ | 3 days prior to publication (for Amazon review) |
| Announce availability of publications | publishers, bloggers, doc committers for news entry on freebsd.org |
Notes
- print edition can include a 2-sided FreeBSD DVD (32- and 64-bit)
- Introduction chapter should highlight FreeBSD's features and answer the question: Why FreeBSD?
Table 2: What is Missing
The following topics are not in the Handbook and may or may not be written in time for publication. As these are written, they need to be moved from Table 2 to their correct placement within Table 3.
| Topic | Responsible/Contacts | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capsicum | pjd?, rwatson? | belongs in Security chapter | |
| Resource Limits | trhodes/tranz | Complete | rctl(8) |
| clang | theraven? | needs to be added by 10.0, how to compile ports to 5.6.3 and how to compile world to 25.7.7.2 | |
| ZFSv28 | AllanJude, mm? | info on deduplication, RAIDZ3, zfs diff, zfs split, snapshot holds, etc. needs to be added to 21.2 | |
| GEOM scheduler | (gnn) | update 20 with pertinent info about new scheduler | |
| CAM/AHCI SATA updates | mav? | somewhere in 19 | |
| Event timers | mav?, davide? | perhaps in 23 | |
| 5 new congestion algorithms | lstewart?, gnn | perhaps create a TCP section under Tuning? | |
| IPv6-Only | bz? | needs to be mentioned in 32.12 | |
| HPN-SSH | gnn, brooks? | needs to be mentioned in 15.10, maybe xref tcp tuning? | |
| USB 3.0 | hps? | needs to be mentioned in 19.5 | |
| NFSv4 and clear_locks(8) | rmacklem? | need to be mentioned in 30.3 | |
| textdump(4) | rwatson? | perhaps can be dump subsection of 26? | |
| IPFW call and return actions | luigi? | need to be added to 31.6 | |
| Use GPT over MBR over BSD partition types where appropriate | scottl?, nathanw? | Should be applied to the whole handbook or at least the sections covering disk formatting like 20.4.2, etc. | |
| Using pipes and redirection in the shell | lacking from “Unix Basics” chapter, probably between 4.7 and 4.8 |
Table 3: Tagging Cheat Sheet
| Tag Name | When to Use |
|---|---|
| varname | syctl values, loader values, shell script variables |
| option | command switches and options |
| literal | catch-all for everything else (not all tags are listed, more need to be added to this table) |
Table 4: Chapter Status
The latest version of this chart is available from http://people.freebsd.org/~dru/handbook_toc.odt.
Possible statuses are: needs review, needs to be written, needs to be removed, ready to publish.
Chapters which are currently missing from the Handbook should be added to the Table as they are written. Sections that are removed from the Handbook should also be removed from the table (and renumbered accordingly).
As PRs are closed, they should be removed from the Outstanding PRs column.
To ease review, the Chapter number listed in the table is at it appears in the online Handbook. This may or may not reflect the number that will be used in the printed edition. Table also includes extra items needed for a published edition (e.g. cover, masthead, index, etc.).
The following color codes are used to indicate the status of the items:
| Color | Status |
|---|---|
| will not be part of the printed book | |
| is being worked on | |
| finished/committed |
| Chapter | Status | Outstanding PRs | Estimated Completion Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cover Front/Back | needs graphic and text for back cover | |||
| Masthead | includes publication info, license, book copyright | |||
| Copyright | need to review book for copyrighted terms and make sure they are attributed | |||
| Colophon | current print edition has paragraph describing the tools that are used to generate Handbook | |||
| Index | need to use index tag for keywords in order to generate a useful index for book | |||
| Preface | docs/144515 | |||
| Intended Audience | ||||
| Changes from the Third Edition | ||||
| Organization of This Book | ||||
| Conventions used in this book | should be title capitalized | |||
| Typographic Conventions | ||||
| User Input | ||||
| Examples | ||||
| Acknowledgments | ||||
| I. Getting Started | ||||
| 1 Introduction | ||||
| 1.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 1.2 Welcome to FreeBSD! | ||||
| 1.2.1 What Can FreeBSD Do? | ||||
| 1.2.2 Who Uses FreeBSD? | ||||
| 1.3 About the FreeBSD Project | ||||
| 1.3.1 A Brief History of FreeBSD | ||||
| 1.3.2 FreeBSD Project Goals | ||||
| 1.3.3 The FreeBSD Development Model | ||||
| 1.3.4 The Current FreeBSD Release | ||||
| 3 Installing FreeBSD 9.x and Later | docs/172784 | (somewhere add info about Live DVD) | The online Chapter 2 will not be included as it does not cover 9.x | |
| 3.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 3.2 Hardware Requirements | ||||
| 3.2.1 Minimal Configuration | can the subsections be combined into a Table? | |||
| 3.2.1.1 FreeBSD/i386 | ||||
| 3.2.1.2 FreeBSD/amd64 | ||||
| 3.2.1.3 FreeBSD/powerpc | ||||
| 3.2.1.4 FreeBSD/sparc64 | ||||
| 3.2.2 Supported Hardware | ||||
| 3.3 Pre-installation Tasks | ||||
| 3.3.1 Back Up Your Data | ||||
| 3.3.2 Decide Where to Install FreeBSD | ||||
| 3.3.2.1 Disk Layouts for FreeBSD/i386 and FreeBSD/amd64 | ||||
| 3.3.3 Collect Network Information | ||||
| 3.3.4 Check for FreeBSD Errata | ||||
| 3.3.5 Prepare the Installation Media | ||||
| 3.4 Starting the Installation | ||||
| 3.4.1 Booting | ||||
| 3.4.1.1 Booting on i386 and amd64 | ||||
| 3.4.1.2 Booting for Macintosh PowerPC | ||||
| 3.4.1.3 Booting for SPARC64 | ||||
| 3.4.2 Reviewing the Device Probe Results | ||||
| 3.5 Introducing bsdinstall | ||||
| 3.5.1 Selecting the Keymap Menu | ||||
| 3.5.2 Setting the Hostname | ||||
| 3.5.3 Selecting Components to Install | ||||
| 3.6 Installing from the Network | ||||
| 3.7 Allocating Disk Space | ||||
| 3.7.1 Guided Partitioning | ||||
| 3.7.2 Manual Partitioning | ||||
| 3.8 Committing to the Installation | ||||
| 3.9 Post-installation | docs/157908 | |||
| 3.9.1 Setting the root Password | ||||
| 3.9.2 Configuring Network Interfaces | ||||
| 3.9.2.1 Configuring a Wireless Network Interface | ||||
| 3.9.2.2 Configuring IPv4 Networking | ||||
| 3.9.2.2.1 IPv4 DHCP Network Configuration | ||||
| 3.9.2.2.2 IPv4 Static Network Configuration | ||||
| 3.9.2.3 Configuring IPv6 Networking | ||||
| 3.9.2.3.1 IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration | ||||
| 3.9.2.3.2 IPv6 Static Network Configuration | ||||
| 3.9.2.4 Configuring DNS | ||||
| 3.9.3 Setting the Time Zone | ||||
| 3.9.4 Selecting Services to Enable | ||||
| 3.9.5 Enabling Crash Dumps | ||||
| 3.9.6 Add Users | ||||
| 3.9.7 Final Configuration | ||||
| 3.9.8 FreeBSD Booting and Shutdown | ||||
| 3.9.8.1 FreeBSD/i386 Booting | ||||
| 3.9.9 FreeBSD Shutdown | ||||
| 3.10 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 3.10.1 What to Do If Something Goes Wrong | ||||
| 3.10.2 Troubleshooting Questions and Answers | ||||
| 2.12 Advanced Installation Guide | docs/120125 (may be more suited to 32.7.1?) | is this applicable to 9.x? | ||
| 2.13 Preparing Your Own Installation Media | is this applicable to 9.x? | |||
| 4 UNIX Basics | ||||
| 4.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 4.2 Virtual Consoles and Terminals | ||||
| 4.2.1 The Console | ||||
| 4.2.2 Logging into FreeBSD | ||||
| 4.2.3 Multiple Consoles | ||||
| 4.2.4 The /etc/ttys File | ||||
| 4.2.5 Single User Mode Console | ||||
| 4.2.6 Changing Console Video Modes | ||||
| 4.3 Permissions | docs/160445 was implemented - anything else? | |||
| 4.3.1 Symbolic Permissions | ||||
| 4.3.2 FreeBSD File Flags | ||||
| 4.3.3 The setuid, setgid, and sticky Permissions | ||||
| 4.4 Directory Structure | ||||
| 4.5 Disk Organization | ||||
| 4.6 Mounting and Unmounting File Systems | ||||
| 4.6.1 The fstab File | ||||
| 4.6.2 The mount Command | ||||
| 4.6.3 The umount Command | ||||
| 4.7 Processes | ||||
| 4.8 Daemons, Signals, and Killing Processes | ||||
| 4.8.1 Sending a Signal to a Process | currently not tagged as a header | |||
| 4.9 Shells | docs/111265 | |||
| 4.9.1 Changing Your Shell | ||||
| 4.10 Text Editors | ||||
| 4.11 Devices and Device Nodes | is this section still needed? basically adds 2 subsections with only meat being link to devfs(5) | |||
| 4.11.1 Creating Device Nodes | ||||
| 4.11.1.1 DEVFS (DEVice File System) | ||||
| 4.12 Binary Formats | ||||
| 4.13 For More Information | does this belong here or in Appendix? | |||
| 4.13.1 Manual Pages | ||||
| 4.13.2 GNU Info Files | does anyone still do this? | |||
| 5 Installing Applications: Packages and Ports | ||||
| 5.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 5.2 Overview of Software Installation | ||||
| 5.3 Finding Your Application | ||||
| 5.4 Using the Packages System | docs/129464, docs/125329 | |||
| 5.4.1 Installing a Package | ||||
| 5.4.2 Managing Packages | ||||
| 5.4.3 Deleting a Package | ||||
| 5.4.4 Miscellaneous | this one-liner shouldn't be its own section but incorporated into the chapter | |||
| 5.5 Using the Ports Collection | ||||
| 5.5.1 Obtaining the Ports Collection | this section contains 4 subsections which aren't tagged as such; for book, cvsup and sysinstall method should be removed and pkgng inserted | |||
| 5.5.2 Migrating from CVSup/csup to portsnap | should be reworded for book e.g. Using Portsnap | |||
| 5.5.3 Installing Ports | ||||
| 5.5.3.1 Overriding the Default Ports Directories | ||||
| 5.5.3.2 Dealing with imake | (section is gone) With should be capitilized | |||
| 5.5.3.3 Reconfiguring Ports | ||||
| 5.5.4 Removing Installed Ports | ||||
| 5.5.5 Upgrading Ports | ||||
| 5.5.5.1 /usr/ports/UPDATING | r40554 | Title should include a verb e.g. Read | ||
| 5.5.5.2 Upgrading Ports Using Portupgrade | should be marked as deprecated and not included in published version | |||
| 5.5.5.3 Upgrading Ports Using Portmaster | portmaster should be lowercase and formatted as a command | |||
| 5.5.6 Ports and Disk Space | ||||
| 5.6 Post-installation Activities | (XXXTR: Title was hard, still not happy with it. Rewrote to avoid “you” and add more information.) clunky title name, should be something that indicates how to get installed port info | |||
| 5.7 Dealing with Broken Ports | ||||
| 6 The X Window System | new section 6.8 Troubleshooting | |||
| 6.1 Synopsis | renamed to Introduction | |||
| 6.2 Understanding X | renamed to Terminology | |||
| 6.2.1 Why X? | deprecated | |||
| 6.2.2 The X Client/Server Model | deprecated | |||
| 6.2.3 The Window Manager | no longer a subsection | |||
| 6.2.4 Widgets | no longer a subsection | |||
| 6.3 Installing X11 | renamed to Installing Xorg | |||
| 6.4 X11 Configuration | renamed to Xorg Configuration; examples should be reviewed | |||
| 6.4.1 Before Starting | no longer a subsection | |||
| 6.4.2 Configuring X11 | no longer a subsection | |||
| 6.4.3 Advanced Configuration Topics | section and subsections currently part of 6.8 | |||
| 6.4.3.1 Configuration with Intel i810 Graphics Chipsets | is this still relevant? | |||
| 6.4.3.2 Adding a Widescreen Flatpanel to the Mix | example needs to be tested | |||
| 6.5 Using Fonts in X11 | renamed to 6.7 Configuring Fonts | |||
| 6.5.1 Type1 Fonts | ||||
| 6.5.2 TrueType Fonts in X11 | ||||
| 6.5.3 Anti-Aliased Fonts in X11 | ||||
| 6.6 The X Display Manager | renamed to Display Managers; subsections incorporated into section; KDM section needs more work | |||
| 6.6.1 Overview | should be renamed to Synopsis | |||
| 6.6.2 Using XDM | ||||
| 6.6.3 Configuring XDM | each file is no longer its own subsection | |||
| 6.6.3.1 Xaccess | ||||
| 6.6.3.2 Xresources | ||||
| 6.6.3.3 Xservers | ||||
| 6.6.3.4 Xsession | ||||
| 6.6.3.5 Xsetup_* | ||||
| 6.6.3.6 xdm-config | ||||
| 6.6.3.7 xdm-errors | ||||
| 6.6.4 Running a Network Display Server | ||||
| 6.6.5 Replacements for XDM | ||||
| 6.7 Desktop Environments | renamed to 6.5 Installing a Desktop Environment | |||
| 6.7.1 GNOME | subsections are now incorporated | |||
| 6.7.1.1 About GNOME | ||||
| 6.7.1.2 Installing GNOME | ||||
| 6.7.2 KDE | subsections are now incorporated | |||
| 6.7.2.1 About KDE | should not be a sub-section, should be 6.7.2 | |||
| 6.7.2.2 Installing KDE | why is KDE bolded? also, no space between KDE and 3/4 | |||
| 6.7.3 More Details on KDE Display Manager | now a subsection of Display Managers | |||
| 6.7.3.1 The KDE | ||||
| 6.7.4 XFCE | subsections are now incorported | |||
| 6.7.4.1 About XFCE | ||||
| 6.7.4.2 Installing XFCE | ||||
| II. Common Tasks | ||||
| 7 Desktop Applications | in decent shape, 7.x/8.x sections need to be removed | |||
| 7.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 7.2 Browsers | ||||
| 7.2.1 Firefox | ||||
| 7.2.2 Firefox and Java Plugin | ||||
| 7.2.3 Firefox and Adobe Flash Plugin | ||||
| 7.2.4 Firefox and Swfdec Flash Plugin | ||||
| 7.2.5 Opera | ||||
| 7.2.6 Konqueror | ||||
| 7.2.7 Chromium | ||||
| 7.2.8 Chromium and Java Plugin | ||||
| 7.2.9 Chromium and Adobe Flash Plugin | ||||
| 7.3 Productivity | ||||
| 7.3.1 KOffice | renamed to Calligra | |||
| 7.3.2 AbiWord | ||||
| 7.3.3 The GIMP | ||||
| 7.3.4 Apache OpenOffice | ||||
| 7.3.5 LibreOffice | ||||
| 7.4 Document Viewers | ||||
| 7.4.1 Acrobat Reader | ||||
| 7.4.2 gv | ||||
| 7.4 Xpdf | ||||
| 7.4 GQview | ||||
| 7.5 Finance | ||||
| 7.5.1 GnuCash | ||||
| 7.5.2 Gnumeric | ||||
| 7.5.3 Abacus | removed as deprecated | |||
| 7.5.4 KMyMoney | ||||
| 7.6 Summary | incorporated into synopsis | |||
| 8 Multimedia | docs/57298 (add info about CF) | |||
| 8.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 8.2 Setting Up the Sound Card | docs/160446 | needs a synopsis, needs to be updated for new sound subsystem, and probably needs to be divided into a Quick Start and Advanced Configuration/Troubleshooting | ||
| 8.2.1 Configuring the System | ||||
| 8.2.1.1 Configuring a Custom Kernel with Sound Support | deprecated in 9 due to new sound subsystem | |||
| 8.2.2 Testing the Sound Card | ||||
| 8.2.2.1 Common Problems | should be retitled Troubleshooting and placed at end of section | |||
| 8.2.3 Utilizing Multiple Sound Sources | ||||
| 8.2.4 Setting Default Values for Mixer Channels | ||||
| 8.3 MP3 Audio | needs a Synopsis | |||
| 8.3.1 MP3 Players | ||||
| 8.3.2 Ripping CD Audio Tracks | ||||
| 8.3.3 Encoding MP3s | should be combined with 8.3.4 and retitled Encoding and Decoding MP3s | |||
| 8.3.4 Decoding MP3s | ||||
| 8.4 Video Playback | ||||
| 8.4.1 Determining Video Capabilities | ||||
| 8.4.1.1 XVideo | ||||
| 8.4.1.2 Simple Directmedia Layer | ||||
| 8.4.1.3 Direct Graphics Access | ||||
| 8.4.2 Ports and Packages Dealing with Video | ||||
| 8.4.2.1 MPlayer | ||||
| 8.4.2.1.1 Building MPlayer | ||||
| 8.4.2.1.2 Using MPlayer | ||||
| 8.4.2.1.3 mencoder | ||||
| 8.4.2.2 The xine Video Player | ||||
| 8.4.2.3 Thetranscode Utilities | ||||
| 8.4.3 The xine Video Player | belongs in synopsis rather than a new section? mentioned promising applications should be added to section or removed | |||
| 8.5 Setting Up TV Cards | ||||
| 8.5.1 Introduction | should be renamed to Synopsis | |||
| 8.5.2 Adding the Driver | ||||
| 8.5.3 Useful Applications | ||||
| 8.5.4 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 8.6 MythTV | ||||
| 8.6.1 Hardware | ||||
| 8.6.2 Dependencies | Migrated to introduction | |||
| 8.6.3 Setting up MythTV | ||||
| 8.7 Image Scanners | ||||
| 8.7.1 Introduction | should be renamed to Synopsis XXXTR: Removed, no need for a section title then another section without any information | |||
| 8.7.2 Kernel Configuration | redundant, needs to be removed | |||
| 8.7.2.1 USB Interface | redundant, any remaining meat needs to be incorporated into Synopsis | |||
| 8.7.2.2 SCSI Interface | is this also redundant? can it be incorporated into Synopsis? | |||
| 8.7.3 SANE Configuration | ||||
| 8.7.4 Giving Other Users Access to the Scanner | ||||
| 9 Configuring the FreeBSD Kernel | ||||
| 9.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 9.2 Why Build a Custom Kernel? | ||||
| 9.3 Finding the System Hardware | ||||
| 9.4 Kernel Drivers, Subsystems, and Modules | docs/163879 | |||
| 9.5 Building and Installing a Custom Kernel | ||||
| 9.5.1 Building a Kernel | not tagged as a subsection | |||
| 9.6 The Configuration File | ||||
| 9.6.1 Large Memory Configurations (PAE) | ||||
| 9.7 If Something Goes Wrong | ||||
| 10 Printing | ||||
| 10.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 10.2 Introduction | ||||
| 10.2.1 Why You Should Use the Spooler | ||||
| 10.3 Basic Setup | ||||
| 10.3.1 Simple Printer Setup | ||||
| 10.3.1.1 Hardware Setup | ||||
| 10.3.1.1.1 Ports and Cables | ||||
| 10.3.1.1.2 Parallel Ports | ||||
| 10.3.1.1.3 Serial Ports | ||||
| 10.3.1.2 Kernel Configuration | ||||
| 10.3.1.3 Setting the Communication Mode for the Parallel Port | ||||
| 10.3.1.4 Checking Printer Communications | ||||
| 10.3.1.4.1 Checking a Parallel Printer | ||||
| 10.3.1.4.2 Checking a Serial Printer | ||||
| 10.3.1.5 Enabling the Spooler: the /etc/printcap File | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.1 Naming the Printer | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.2 Suppressing Header Pages | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.3 Making the Spooling Directory | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.4 Identifying the Printer Device | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.5 Configuring Spooler Communication Parameters | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.6 Installing the Text Filter | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.7 Turn on LPD | ||||
| 10.3.1.5.8 Trying It Out | ||||
| 10.4 Advanced Printer Setup | docs/78480 | |||
| 10.4.1 Filters | ||||
| 10.4.1.1 How Filters Work | ||||
| 10.4.1.2 Accomodating Plain Text Jobs on PostScript Printers | ||||
| 10.4.1.3 Simulating PostScript on Non PostScript Printers | ||||
| 10.4.1.4 Conversion Filters | ||||
| 10.4.1.4.1 Why Install Conversion Filters? | ||||
| 10.4.1.4.2 Which Coversion Filters Should I Install? | ||||
| 10.4.1.4.3 Installing Conversion Filters | ||||
| 10.4.1.4.4 More Conversion Filter Examples | ||||
| 10.4.1.4.5 Automated Conversion: an Alternative to Conversion Filters | ||||
| 10.4.1.5 Output Filters | ||||
| 10.4.1.6 lpf: a Text Filter | ||||
| 10.4.2 Header Pages | ||||
| 10.4.2.1 Enabling Header Pages | ||||
| 10.4.2.2 Controlling Header Pages | ||||
| 10.4.2.3 Accounting for Header Pages | ||||
| 10.4.2.4 Header Pages on PostScript Printers | ||||
| 10.4.3 Networked Printing | ||||
| 10.4.3.1 Printers Installed on Remote Hosts | ||||
| 10.4.3.2 Printers with Networked Data Stream Interfaces | ||||
| 10.4.4 Restricting Printer Usage | ||||
| 10.4.4.1 Restricting Multiple Copies | ||||
| 10.4.4.2 Restricting Access to Printers | ||||
| 10.4.4.3 Controlling Sizes of Jobs Submitted | ||||
| 10.4.4.4 Restricting Jobs from Remote Hosts | ||||
| 10.4.4.5 Accounting for Printer Usage | ||||
| 10.4.4.5.1 Quick and Dirty Printer Accounting | ||||
| 10.4.4.5.2 How Can You Count Pages Printed? | ||||
| 10.5 Using Printers | ||||
| 10.5.1 Printing Jobs | ||||
| 10.5.2 Checking Jobs | ||||
| 10.5.3 Removing Jobs | ||||
| 10.5.4 Beyond Plain Text: Printing Options | ||||
| 10.5.4.1 Formatting and Conversion Options | ||||
| 10.5.4.2 Job Handling Options | ||||
| 10.5.4.3 Header Page Options | ||||
| 10.5.5 Administering Printers | ||||
| 10.6 Alternatives to the Standard Spooler | ||||
| 10.7 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 11 Linux Binary Compatibility | ||||
| 11.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 11.2 Installation | ||||
| 11.2.1 Installing Linux Runtime Libraries | ||||
| 11.2.1.1 Installing Using the linux_base Port | ||||
| 11.2.1.2 Installing Libraries Manually | ||||
| 11.2.1.3 How to Install Additional Shared Libraries | ||||
| 11.2.2 Installing Linux ELF Binaries | ||||
| 11.2.3 Installing a Random Linux RPM Based Application | ||||
| 11.2.4 Configuring the Hostname Resolver | ||||
| 11.3 Installing Mathematica® | ||||
| 11.3.1 Running the Mathematica Installer | ||||
| 11.3.2 Modifying the Mathematica Executables | ||||
| 11.3.3 Obtaining Your Mathematica Password | ||||
| 11.3.4 Running the Mathematica Frontend over a Network | ||||
| 11.4 Installing Maple™ | ||||
| 11.4.1 Common Pitfalls | ||||
| 11.5 Installing MATLAB® | docs/59240 | |||
| 11.5.1 Installing MATLAB | ||||
| 11.5.2 License Manager Startup | ||||
| 11.5.3 Linking the Java Runtime Environment | ||||
| 11.5.4 Creating a MATLAB Startup Script | ||||
| 11.5.5 Creating MATLAB Shutdown Script | ||||
| 11.5.6 Using MATLAB | ||||
| 11.6 Installing Oracle® | ||||
| 11.6.1 Preface | should be replaced with a Synopsis | |||
| 11.6.2 Installing the Linux Environment | ||||
| 11.6.3 Creating the Oracle Environment | ||||
| 11.6.3.1 Kernel Tuning | ||||
| 11.6.3.2 Oracle Account | ||||
| 11.6.3.3 Environment | ||||
| 11.6.4 Installing Oracle | ||||
| 11.6.4.1 Patching root.sh | ||||
| 11.6.4.2 Patching genIntsh | ||||
| 11.6.5 Running Oracle | ||||
| 11.7 Advanced Topics | ||||
| 11.7.1 How Does It Work? | ||||
| III. System Administration | ||||
| 12 Configuration and Tuning | ||||
| 12.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 12.2 Initial Configuration | ||||
| 12.2.1 Partition Layout | ||||
| 12.2.1.1 Base Partitions | ||||
| 12.2.1.2 Swap Partition | ||||
| 12.2.1.3 Why Partition? | ||||
| 12.3 Core Configuration | ||||
| 12.4 Application Configuration | ||||
| 12.5 Starting Services | ||||
| 12.5.1 Extended Application Configuration | ||||
| 12.5.2 Using Services to Start Services | ||||
| 12.6 Configuring the cron Utility | ||||
| 12.6.1 Installing a Crontab | ||||
| 12.7 Using rc(8) Under FreeBSD | ||||
| 12.8 Setting Up Network Interface Cards | docs/160460 | |||
| 12.8.1 Locating the Correct Driver | ||||
| 12.8.1.1 Using Windows NDIS Drivers | ||||
| 12.8.2 Configuring the Network Card | ||||
| 12.8.3 Testing and Troubleshooting | ||||
| 12.8.3.1 Testing the Ethernet Card | ||||
| 12.8.3.2 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 12.9 Virtual Hosts | ||||
| 12.10 Configuring the System Logger, syslogd | syslogd needs to be formatted as a command | |||
| 12.10.1 Using syslogd | ||||
| 12.10.2 Configuring syslogd | ||||
| 12.10.3 Log Management and Rotation with newsyslog | newsyslog needs to be formatted as a command | |||
| 12.10.3.1 Configuring newsyslog | ||||
| 12.11 Configuration Files | ||||
| 12.11.1 /etc Layout | ||||
| 12.11.2 Hostnames | ||||
| 12.11.2.1 /etc/resolv.conf | ||||
| 12.11.2.2 /etc/hosts | ||||
| 12.11.3 sysctl.conf | ||||
| 12.12 Tuning with sysctl(8) | docs/44034 | |||
| 12.12.1 sysctl(8) Read-only | docs/44034 | |||
| 12.13 Tuning Disks | needs a Synopsis | |||
| 12.13.1 Sysctl Variables | sysctl should be lowercase and formatted as a command; all of the subsections could be reduced to a Table with an introductory paragraph | |||
| 12.13.1.1 vfs.vmiodirenable | ||||
| 12.13.1.2 vfs.write_behind | ||||
| 12.13.1.3 vfs.hirunningspace | ||||
| 12.13.1.4 vfs.swap_idle_enabled | ||||
| 12.13.1.5 hw.ata.wc | ||||
| 12.13.1.6 SCSI_DELAY (kern.cam.scsi_delay) | ||||
| 12.13.2 Soft Updates | deprecated due to SUJ? | |||
| 12.13.2.1 More Details About Soft Updates | should be replaced with SUJ info? | |||
| 12.14 Tuning Kernel Limits | needs a Synopsis | |||
| 12.14.1 File/Process Limits | ||||
| 12.14.1.1 kern.maxfiles | ||||
| 12.14.1.2 kern.ipc.somaxconn | ||||
| 12.14.2 Network Limits | ||||
| 12.14.2.1 net.inet.ip.portrange.* | ||||
| 12.14.2.2 TCP Bandwidth Delay Product | ||||
| 12.14.3 Virtual Memory | needs a Synopsis | |||
| 12.14.3.1 kern.maxvnodes | ||||
| 12.15 Adding Swap Space | ||||
| 12.15.1 Swap on a New or Existing Hard Drive | ||||
| 12.15.2 Swapping over NFS | ||||
| 12.15.3 Swapfiles | one or two word consistency needed | |||
| 12.16 Power and Resource Management | ||||
| 12.16.1 What is ACPI? | ||||
| 12.16.2 Shortcomings of Advanced Power Management (APM) | ||||
| 12.16.3 Configuring ACPI | ||||
| 12.17 Using and Debugging FreeBSD ACPI | ||||
| 12.17.1 Submitting Debugging Information | ||||
| 12.17.2 Background | should be combined with 12.16.1 | |||
| 12.17.3 Common Problems | should be renamed to Troubleshooting | |||
| 12.17.3.1 Mouse Issues | ||||
| 12.17.3.2 Suspend/Resume | ||||
| 12.17.3.3 System Hangs (Temporary or Permanent) | ||||
| 12.17.3.4 Panics | ||||
| 12.17.3.5 System Powers Up After Suspend or Shutdown | ||||
| 12.17.3.6 Other Problems | ||||
| 12.17.4 ASL, acpidump, and IASL | ||||
| 12.17.5 Fixing Your ASL | ASL and AML need to be defined | |||
| 12.17.5.1 _OS Dependencies | ||||
| 12.17.5.2 Missing Return Statements | ||||
| 12.17.5.3 Overriding the Default AML | ||||
| 12.17.6 Getting Debugging Output from ACPI | ||||
| 12.17.7 References | ||||
| 13 The FreeBSD Booting Process | ||||
| 13.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 13.2 The Booting Problem | ||||
| 13.3 The Boot Manager and Boot Stages | docs/173013 | |||
| 13.3.1 The Boot Manager | ||||
| 13.3.2 Stage one, /boot/boot1, and Stage Two, /boot/boot2 | suggest renaming to just the stages or just the /boots in this whole section as commas get weird | |||
| 13.3.3 Stage Three, /boot/loader | ||||
| 13.3.3.1 Loader Program Flow | ||||
| 13.3.3.2 Loader Built-In Commands | ||||
| 13.3.3.3 Loader Examples | ||||
| 13.3.3.4 Boot Time Splash Screens | ||||
| 13.3.3.4.1 Splash Screen Function | ||||
| 13.3.3.4.2 Enabling the Splash Screen Function | ||||
| 13.4 Kernel Interaction During Boot | ||||
| 13.4.1 Kernel Boot Flags | ||||
| 13.5 Device Hints | ||||
| 13.6 Init: Process Control Initialization | ||||
| 13.6.1 Automatic Reboot Sequence | ||||
| 13.6.2 Single-User Mode | ||||
| 13.6.3 Multi-User Mode | ||||
| 13.6.3.1 Resource Configuration (rc) | suggest removing rc from title or formatting as command | |||
| 13.7 Shutdown Sequence | ||||
| 14 Users and Basic Account Management | docs/54461 | |||
| 14.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 14.2 Introduction | ||||
| 14.3 The Superuser Account | ||||
| 14.4 System Accounts | ||||
| 14.5 User Accounts | ||||
| 14.6 Modifying Accounts | ||||
| 14.6.1 adduser | ||||
| 14.6.2 rmuser | ||||
| 14.6.3 chpass | ||||
| 14.6.4 passwd | ||||
| 14.6.5 pw | ||||
| 14.7 Limiting Users | Still needed? Migrate to rctl section? | |||
| 14.8 Groups | ||||
| 15 Security | docs/105456 | |||
| 15.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 15.2 Introduction | ||||
| 15.3 Securing FreeBSD | ||||
| 15.3.1 Securing the root Account and Staff Accounts | ||||
| 15.3.2 Securing Root-run Servers and SUID/GUID Binaries | ||||
| 15.3.3 Securing User Accounts | ||||
| 15.3.4 Securing the Password File | ||||
| 15.3.5 Securing the Kernel Core, Raw Devices, and File Systems | remove the word Core? | |||
| 15.3.6 Checking File Integrity: Binaries, Configuration Files, Etc. | suggest renaming to Checking File Integrity | |||
| 15.3.7 Paranoia | belongs in the Synopsis | |||
| 15.3.8 Denial of Service Attacks | needs to include acronym | |||
| 15.3.9 Access Issues with Kerberos and SSH | ||||
| 15.4 DES, Blowfish, MD5, SHA256, SHA512, and Crypt | docs/157049 | suggest renaming to Hashing Algorithms | ||
| 15.4.1 Recognizing Your Crypt Mechanism | ||||
| 15.5 One-time Passwords | ||||
| 15.5.1 Secure Connection Initialization | ||||
| 15.5.2 Insecure Connection Initialization | ||||
| 15.5.3 Generating a Single One-time Password | ||||
| 15.5.4 Generating Multiple One-time Passwords | ||||
| 15.5.5 Restricting Use of Unix® Passwords | ||||
| 15.6 TCP Wrappers | ||||
| 15.6.1 Initial Configuration | ||||
| 15.6.2 Advanced Configuration | ||||
| 15.6.2.1 External Commands | ||||
| 15.6.2.2 Wildcard Options | ||||
| 15.7 Kerberos5 | ||||
| 15.7.1 History | ||||
| 15.7.2 Setting up a Heimdal KDC | ||||
| 15.7.3 Kerberos Enabling a Server with Heimdal Services | ||||
| 15.7.4 Kerberos Enabling a Client with Heimdal | ||||
| 15.7.5 User Configuration Files: .k5login and .k5users | ||||
| 15.7.6 Kerberos Tips, Tricks, and Troubleshooting | ||||
| 15.7.7 Differences with the MIT Port | ||||
| 15.7.8 Mitigating Limitations Found in Kerberos | ||||
| 15.7.8.1 Kerberos is an all-or-nothing approach | title capitalization, all of these subsections could be a bulletted list in 15.7.8 | |||
| 15.7.8.2 Kerberos is Intended for Single-User Workstations | ||||
| 15.7.8.3 The KDC is a Single Point of Failure | ||||
| 15.7.8.4 Kerberos Shortcomings | ||||
| 15.7.9 Resources and further information | title capitalization | |||
| 15.8 OpenSSL | ||||
| 15.8.1 Generating Certificates | ||||
| 15.8.2 Using Certificates, an Example | remove “an Example” from title | |||
| 15.9 VPN over IPsec | Outdated | |||
| 15.9.1 Understanding IPsec | Outdated | |||
| 15.9.2 The Problem | Outdated | should not be a subsection but incorporated where appropriate | ||
| 15.9.3 The Scenario: blah blah blah | Outdated | terrible title, should not be a subsection but incorporated into an example, does not seem to match any of the examples in this section | ||
| 15.9.4 Configuring IPsec on FreeBSD | Outdated | |||
| 15.10 OpenSSH | ||||
| 15.10.1 Advantages of Using OpenSSH | ||||
| 15.10.2 Enabling sshd | sshd should be formatted as a command | |||
| 15.10.3 SSH Client | ||||
| 15.10.4 Secure Copy | ||||
| 15.10.5 Configuration | useless as-is, should either be incorporated into a Synopsis or provide examples | |||
| 15.10.6 ssh-keygen | ||||
| 15.10.7 ssh-agent and ssh-add | need to be formatted as commands | |||
| 15.10.8 SSH Tunneling | ||||
| 15.10.8.1 Practical SSH Tunneling Examples | ||||
| 15.10.8.1.1 Secure Access of a POP3 Server | ||||
| 15.10.8.1.2 Bypassing a Draconian Firewall | ||||
| 15.10.9 The AllowUsers Users Option | r40622 | “Users” is redundant in title | ||
| 15.10.10 Further Reading | ||||
| 15.11 File System Access Control Lists | r40624 | needs to include acronym | ||
| 15.11.1 Making Use of ACLs | ||||
| 15.12 Monitoring Third Party Security Issues | ||||
| 15.13 FreeBSD Security Advisories | ||||
| 15.13.1 What Does an Advisory Look Like? | needs an example that is not nearly 10 years old | |||
| 15.14 Process Accounting | ||||
| 15.14.1 Enable and Utilizing Process Accounting | r40625 | title not grammatically correct | ||
| 16 Jails | ||||
| 16.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 16.2 Terms Related to Jails | ||||
| 16.3 Introduction | should this be part of Synopsis? | |||
| 16.3.1 What is a Jail | needs better title | |||
| 16.4 Creating and Controlling Jails | ||||
| 16.5 Fine Tuning and Administration | docs/166358 | |||
| 16.5.1 System Tools for Jail Tuning in FreeBSD | ||||
| 16.5.2 High-Level Administrative Tools in the FreeBSD Ports Collection | could be part of Synopsis | |||
| 16.6 Application of Jails | docs/168939 | |||
| 16.6.1 Service Jails | ||||
| 16.6.1.1 Design | ||||
| 16.6.1.2 Creating the Template | ||||
| 16.6.1.3 Creating Jails | ||||
| 16.6.1.4 Upgrading | ||||
| 17 Mandatory Access Control | ||||
| 17.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 17.1.1 What Will Not Be Covered | should probably be in Synopsis | |||
| 17.2 Key Terms in this Chapter | ||||
| 17.3 Explanation of MAC | ||||
| 17.4 Understanding MAC Labels | ||||
| 17.4.1 Label Configuration | ||||
| 17.4.1.1 Common Label Types | ||||
| 17.4.1.1.1 Advanced Label Configuration | ||||
| 17.4.1.2 Users and Label Settings | ||||
| 17.4.1.3 Network Interfaces and Label Settings | ||||
| 17.4.2 Singlelabel or Multilabel? | ||||
| 17.5 Planning the Security Configuration | ||||
| 17.6 Module Configuration | ||||
| 17.7 The MAC seeotheruids Module | ||||
| 17.8 The MAC bsdextended Module | ||||
| 17.8.1 Examples | ||||
| 17.9 The MAC ifoff Module | ||||
| 17.10 The MAC portacl Module | ||||
| 17.10.1 Examples | ||||
| 17.11 The MAC partition Module | ||||
| 17.11.1 Examples | ||||
| 17.12 The MAC Multi-Level Security Module | ||||
| 17.12.1 Planning Mandatory Sensitivity | ||||
| 17.13 The MAC Biba Module | ||||
| 17.13.1 Planning Mandatory Sensitivity | ||||
| 17.14 The MAC LOMAC Module | ||||
| 17.14.1 Examples | ||||
| 17.15 Nagios in a MAC Jail | docs/148984 | |||
| 17.15.1 Create an insecure User Class | title capitalization | |||
| 17.15.2 Boot Configuration | ||||
| 17.15.3 Configure Users | ||||
| 17.15.4 Create the Contexts File | ||||
| 17.15.5 Enable Networking | ||||
| 17.15.6 Testing the Configuration | ||||
| 17.16 User Lock Down | ||||
| 17.17 Troubleshooting the MAC Framework | ||||
| 17.17.1 The multilabel option cannot be enabled on / | ||||
| 17.17.2 X11 Server Will Not Start After MAC | should be Xorg | |||
| 17.17.3 Error: secure_path(3) cannot stat .login_conf | ||||
| 17.17.4 The root username is broken! | ||||
| 18 Security Event Auditing | ||||
| 18.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 18.2 Key Terms in this Chapter | ||||
| 18.3 Installing Audit Support | ||||
| 18.4 Audit Configuration | ||||
| 18.4.1 Event Selection Expressions | ||||
| 18.4.2 Configuration Files | ||||
| 18.4.2.1 The audit_control File | ||||
| 18.4.2.2 The audit_user File | ||||
| 18.5 Administering the Audit Subsystem | ||||
| 18.5.1 Viewing Audit Trails | ||||
| 18.5.2 Reducing Audit Trails | ||||
| 18.5.3 Delegating Audit Review Rights | ||||
| 18.5.4 Live Monitoring Using Audit Pipes | ||||
| 18.5.5 Rotating Audit Trail Files | ||||
| 18.5.6 Compressing Audit Trails | ||||
| 19 Storage | ||||
| 19.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 19.2 Device Names | ||||
| 19.3 Adding Disks | ||||
| 19.3.1 Using sysinstall(8) | ||||
| 19.3.2 Using Command Line Utilities | subsections don't really match this title e.g. sounds like “Slices” is the name of a utility | |||
| 19.3.2.1 Using Slices | ||||
| 19.3.2.2 Dedicated | ||||
| 19.4 RAID | needs a Synopsis | |||
| 19.4.1 Software RAID | ||||
| 19.4.1.1 Concatenated Disk Driver (CCD) Configuration | ||||
| 19.4.1.1.1 Installing the Hardware | ||||
| 19.4.1.1.2 Setting Up the CCD | ||||
| 19.4.1.1.3 Building the File System | ||||
| 19.4.1.1.4 Making it All Automatic | ||||
| 19.4.1.2 The Vinum Volume Manager | why is it in chapter 22 and not here? | |||
| 19.4.2 Hardware RAID | ||||
| 19.4.3 Rebuilding ATA RAID1 Arrays | ||||
| 19.5 USB Storage Devices | docs/119545, docs/172370 (add blu-ray) | needs to be updated for new USB subsystem and USB3 | ||
| 19.5.1 Configuration | should be part of the Synopsis | |||
| 19.5.2 Testing the Configuration | ||||
| 19.5.3 Further Reading | ||||
| 19.6 Creating and Using Optical Media (CDs) | docs/171098 | |||
| 19.6.1 Introduction | ||||
| 19.6.2 mkisofs | format as command | |||
| 19.6.3 burncd | format as command | |||
| 19.6.4 cdrecord | format as command | |||
| 19.6.5 Duplicating Audio CDs | ||||
| 19.6.5.1 SCSI Drives | not tagged as heading | |||
| 19.6.5.2 ATAPI Drives | not tagged as heading | |||
| 19.6.6 Duplicating Data CDs | ||||
| 19.6.7 Using Data CDs | ||||
| 19.6.8 Burning Raw Data CDs | ||||
| 19.6.9 Using the ATAPI/CAM Driver | ||||
| 19.7 Creating and Using Optical Media (DVDs) | ||||
| 19.7.1 Introduction | ||||
| 19.7.2 Configuration | ||||
| 19.7.3 Burning Data DVDs | ||||
| 19.7.4 Burning a DVD-Video | remove hyphen | |||
| 19.7.5 Using a DVD+RW | ||||
| 19.7.6 Using a DVD-RW | ||||
| 19.7.7 Multisession | ||||
| 19.7.8 For More Information | ||||
| 19.7.9 Using a DVD-RAM | subsections could all go here | |||
| 19.7.9.1 Configuration | ||||
| 19.7.9.2 Preparing the Medium | ||||
| 19.7.9.3 Using the Medium | ||||
| 19.8 Creating and Using Floppy Disks | docs/155982 | does this belong in published edition? | ||
| 19.8.1 Formatting Floppies | all of its subsections could go here | |||
| 19.8.1.1 The Device | ||||
| 19.8.1.2 Formatting | ||||
| 19.8.1.2.1 Formatting Floppy Disks | ||||
| 19.8.2 The Disk Label | ||||
| 19.8.3 The File System | ||||
| 19.8.4 Using the Floppy | ||||
| 19.9 Creating and Using Data Tapes | would benefit from more than a one-liner introduction; sections 19.9.1-19.9.5 could be combined into a Synopsis or Terminology section | |||
| 19.9.1 4mm (DDS: Digital Data Storage) | ||||
| 19.9.2 8mm (Exabyte) | ||||
| 19.9.3 QIC | ||||
| 19.9.4 DLT | ||||
| 19.9.5 AIT | ||||
| 19.9.6 Using a New Tape for the First Time | after all of this, do we know how to use tapes on FreeBSD? | |||
| 19.10 Backups to Floppies | long deprecated; whole section should be removed | |||
| 19.11 Backup Strategies | ||||
| 19.12 Backup Basics | docs/48101 | fixit mentioned here | ||
| 19.12.1 Dump and Restore | remove caps and format as commands | |||
| 19.12.2 tar | ||||
| 19.12.3 cpio | ||||
| 19.12.4 pax | ||||
| 19.12.5 Amanda | ||||
| 19.12.6 Do Nothing | meat belongs in Synopsis | |||
| 19.12.7 Which Backup Program is Best | meat belongs in Synopsis | |||
| 19.12.8 Emergency Restore Procedure | ||||
| 19.12.8.1 Before the Disaster | ||||
| 19.12.8.2 After the Disaster | ||||
| 19.13 Network, Memory, and File-Backed File Systems | Network not mentioned in subsections | |||
| 19.13.1 File-Backed File System | ||||
| 19.13.2 Memory-Based File System | should match title in 9.13.1 | |||
| 19.13.3 Detaching a Memory Disk from the System | ||||
| 19.14 File System Snapshots | should be divided into UFS and ZFS sections with a Synopsis comparing the two | |||
| 19.15 File System Quotas | ||||
| 19.15.1 Configuring Your System to Enable Disk Quotas | ||||
| 19.15.2 Setting Quota Limits | ||||
| 19.15.3 Checking Quota Limits and Disk Usage | ||||
| 19.15.4 Quotas over NFS | ||||
| 19.16 Encrypting Disk Partitions | ||||
| 19.16.1 Disk Encryption with gbde | format gbde | |||
| 19.16.1.1 Preparing the Encrypted Hard Drive | ||||
| 19.16.1.2 Mounting Existing Encrypted File Systems | ||||
| 19.16.1.2.1 Automatically Mounting Encrypted Partitions | ||||
| 19.16.1.3 Cryptographic Protections Employed by gbde | ||||
| 19.16.1.4 Compatibility Issues | ||||
| 19.16.2 Disk Encryptionn with geli | ||||
| 19.16.2.1 Using the geli rc.d Script | ||||
| 19.17 Encrypting Swap Space | ||||
| 19.17.1 Why Should Swap be Encrypted? | Migrated to introduction | |||
| 19.17.2 Preparation | Migrated to introduction | |||
| 19.17.3 Swap Encryption with gbde(8) | ||||
| 19.17.4 Swap Encryption with geli(8) | ||||
| 19.17.5 Verifying That it Works | ||||
| 19.18 Highly Available Storage (HAST) | ||||
| 19.18.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 19.18.2 HAST Features | ||||
| 19.18.3 HAST Operation | ||||
| 19.18.3.1 Synchronization and Replication Modes | ||||
| 19.18.4 HAST Configuration | ||||
| 19.18.4.1 Failover Configuration | ||||
| 19.18.5 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 19.18.5.1 General Troubleshooting Tips | ||||
| 19.18.5.2 Recovering from the Split-brain Condition | ||||
| 20 GEOM: Modular Disk Transformation Framework | ||||
| 20.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 20.2 GEOM Introduction | belongs in Synopsis | |||
| 20.3 RAID0 - Striping | ||||
| 20.3.1 Creating a Stripe of Unformatted ATA Disks | not formatted as heading | |||
| 20.4 RAID1 - Mirroring | docs/164620, docs/124716, docs/136712 | |||
| 20.4.1 Metadata Issues | ||||
| 20.4.2 Creating a Mirror with Two New Disks | ||||
| 20.4.3 Creating a Mirror with an Existing Drive | update to use GPT instead of MBR | |||
| 20.4.4 Troubleshooting | does not need to be divided into subsections | |||
| 20.4.4.1 Problems with Booting | ||||
| 20.4.4.1.1 BIOS Settings | ||||
| 20.4.4.1.2 Boot Problems | ||||
| 20.4.5 Recovering from Disk Failure | ||||
| 20.5 RAID3 - Byte-level Striping with Dedicated Parity | ||||
| 20.5.1 Creating a Dedicated RAID3 Array | ||||
| 20.6 GEOM Gate Network Devices | ||||
| 20.7 Labeling Disk Devices | ||||
| 20.7.1 Label Types and Examples | ||||
| 20.8 UFS Journaling Through GEOM | ||||
| 21 File Systems Support | ||||
| 21.1 Synopsis | needs to introduce ZFS and SUJ as default options and describe how to select during installation, and the rest as supported foreign filesystems; needs to include SUJ (move from 20.8?) | |||
| 21.2 The Z File System (ZFS) | docs/139336, docs/162419 | needs to introduce ZFS terminology | ||
| 21.2.1 ZFS Tuning | ||||
| 21.2.1.1 Memory | belongs under Synopsis | |||
| 21.2.1.2 Kernel Configuration | is this deprecated or recommended practice? | |||
| 21.2.1.3 Loader Tunables | ||||
| 21.2.2 Using ZFS | ||||
| 21.2.2.1 Single Disk Pool | ||||
| 21.2.2.2 ZFS RAID-Z | is dash official term? | |||
| 21.2.2.2.3 Recovering RAID-Z | ||||
| 21.2.2.4 Data Verification | ||||
| 21.2.2.5 ZFS Quotas | ||||
| 21.2.2.6 ZFS Reservations | ||||
| 21.3 Linux® Filesystems | needs more than a oneliner | |||
| 21.3.1 Ext2FS | needs to include EXT3/4 | |||
| 21.3.2 XFS | ||||
| 21.3.3 ReiserFS | ||||
| 22 The Vinum Volume Manager | ||||
| 22.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 22.2 Disks Are Too Small | should be in synopsis? | |||
| 22.3 Access Bottlenecks | ||||
| 22.4 Data Integrity | ||||
| 22.5 Vinum Objects | ||||
| 22.5.1 Volume Size Considerations | ||||
| 22.5.2 Redundant Data Storage | ||||
| 22.5.3 Performance Issues | ||||
| 22.5.4 Which Plex Organization? | ||||
| 22.6 Some Examples | ||||
| 22.6.1 The Configuration File | ||||
| 22.6.2 Increased Resilience: Mirroring | ||||
| 22.6.3 Optimizing Performance | ||||
| 22.6.4 Resilience and Performance | ||||
| 22.7 Object Naming | docs/122052 | |||
| 22.7.1 Creating File Systems | ||||
| 22.8 Configuring Vinum | ||||
| 22.8.1 Startup | ||||
| 22.8.1.1 Automatic Startup | ||||
| 22.9 Using Vinum for the Root Filesystem | ||||
| 22.9.1 Starting up Vinum Early Enough for the Root Filesystem | ||||
| 22.9.2 Making a Vinum-based Root Volume Accessible to the Bootstrap | ||||
| 22.9.3 Example of a Vinum-based Root Setup | ||||
| 22.9.4 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 22.9.4.1 System Bootstrap Loads, but System Does Not Boot | ||||
| 22.9.4.2 Only Primary Bootstrap Loads | ||||
| 22.9.4.3 Nothing Boots, the Bootstrap Panics | ||||
| 23 Virtualization | docs/127923 | |||
| 23.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 23.2 FreeBSD as a Guest OS | docs/162433 | needs a section covering FreeBSD on KVM, needs section on qemu | ||
| 23.2.1 Parallells on MacOS | should be Mac OS X | |||
| 23.2.1.1 Installing FreeBSD on Parallels/Mac OS® X | figures need titles | |||
| 23.2.1.2 Configuring FreeBSD on Mac OS X/Parallels | ||||
| 23.2.2 Virtual PC on Windows | ||||
| 23.2.2.1 Installing FreeBSD on Virtual PC/Microsoft® Windows | be consistent with name, figures need titles | |||
| 23.2.2.2 Configuring FreeBSD on Microsoft Windows/Virtual PC | ||||
| 23.2.3 VMware on MacOS | should be Mac OS X | |||
| 23.2.3.1 Installing FreeBSD on VMware/Mac OS X | figures need titles | |||
| 23.2.3.2 Configuring FreeBSD on Mac OS X/VMware | be consistent with name | |||
| 23.2.4 VirtualBox™ Guest Additions on a FreeBSD Guest | should be ® | |||
| 23.3 FreeBSD as a Host OS | ||||
| 23.3.1 Installing VirtualBox | ||||
| 23.3.2 VirtualBox USB Support | ||||
| 23.3.3 VirtualBox Host DVD/CD Access | ||||
| 24 Localization - I18N/L10N Usage and Setup | ||||
| 24.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 24.2 The Basics | doesn't need to be divided into subsections | |||
| 24.2.1 What Is I18N/L10N? | ||||
| 24.2.2 Why Should I Use I18N/L10N? | ||||
| 24.2.3 What Languages Are Supported in the I18N Effort? | ||||
| 24.3 Using Localization | ||||
| 24.3.1 Language and Country Codes | ||||
| 24.3.2 Encodings | ||||
| 24.3.3 I18N Applications | ||||
| 24.3.4 Setting Locale | ||||
| 24.3.4.1 Setting Locale Methods | ||||
| 24.3.4.1.1 Login Classes Method | ||||
| 24.3.4.1.1.1 User Level Setup | ||||
| 24.3.4.1.1.2 Administrator Level Setup | ||||
| 24.3.4.1.1.3 Changing Login Classes with vipw(8) | not tagged as heading | |||
| 24.3.4.1.1.4 Changing Login Classes with adduser(8) | not tagged as heading | |||
| 24.3.4.1.1.5 Changing Login Classes with pw(8) | not tagged as heading | |||
| 24.3.4.1.2 Shell Startup File Method | ||||
| 24.3.5 Console Setup | ||||
| 24.3.6 X11 Setup | should be Xorg | |||
| 24.3.6.1 Displaying Fonts | ||||
| 24.3.6.2 Inputting Non-English Characters | ||||
| 24.3.7 Printer Setup | ||||
| 24.3.8 Kernel and File Systems | ||||
| 24.4 Compiling I18N Programs | ||||
| 24.5 Localizing FreeBSD to Specific Languages | needs Synopsis | |||
| 24.5.1 Russian Language (KOI8-R Encoding) | ||||
| 24.5.1.1 Locale Setup | ||||
| 24.5.1.2 Console Setup | ||||
| 24.5.1.3 Printer Setup | ||||
| 24.5.1.4 MSDOS FS and Russian Filenames | ||||
| 24.5.1.5 X11 Setup | should be Xorg | |||
| 24.5.2 Traditional Chinese Localization for Taiwan | ||||
| 24.5.3 German Language Localization (for All ISO 8859-1 Languages) | ||||
| 24.5.4 Greek Language Localization | ||||
| 24.5.5 Japanese and Korean Language Localization | ||||
| 24.5.6 Non-English FreeBSD Documentation | should be in Synopsis | |||
| 25 Updating and Upgrading FreeBSD | docs/162699 | |||
| 25.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 25.2 FreeBSD Update | docs/147946 | |||
| 25.2.1 The Configuration File | ||||
| 25.2.2 Security Patches | ||||
| 25.2.3 Major and Minor Upgrades | ||||
| 25.2.4 System State Comparison | ||||
| 25.3 Portsnap: a Ports Collection Update Tool | ||||
| 25.4 Updating the Documentation Set | ||||
| 25.4.1 Using Subversion to Update the Documentation | ||||
| 25.4.2 Installing Subversion and the Documentation Toolchain | ||||
| 25.4.3 Updating the Documentation Sources | ||||
| 25.4.4 Tunable Options of the Documentation Sources | ||||
| 25.4.5 Installing the FreeBSD Documentation from Source | ||||
| 25.4.6 Using Documentation Ports | ||||
| 25.4.6.1 Building and Installing Documentation Ports | ||||
| 25.4.6.1.1 Common Knobs and Options | ||||
| 25.4.6.2 Using Documentation Packages | ||||
| 25.4.6.3 Updating Documentation Ports | ||||
| 25.5 Tracking a Development Branch | ||||
| 25.5.1 Staying Current with FreeBSD | this and all its subsections belongs in a Synopsis | |||
| 25.5.1.1 What is FreeBSD-CURRENT? | ||||
| 25.5.1.2 Who Needs FreeBSD-CURRENT? | ||||
| 25.5.1.3 What Is FreeBSD-CURRENT Not? | ||||
| 25.5.1.4 Using FreeBSD-CURRENT | ||||
| 25.5.2 Staying Stable with FreeBSD | needs to be updated to include 2 stable branches and why there are 2, this and all its subsections belongs in a Synopsis | |||
| 25.5.2.1 What is FreeBSD-STABLE? | ||||
| 25.5.2.2 Who Needs FreeBSD-STABLE? | ||||
| 25.5.2.3 Using FreeBSD-STABLE | ||||
| 25.6 Synchronizing Your Source | ||||
| 25.7 Rebuilding “world” | docs/172922 | |||
| 25.7.1 The Canonical Way to Update Your System | ||||
| 25.7.2 Read /usr/src/UPDATING | ||||
| 25.7.3 Check /etc/make.conf | ||||
| 25.7.4 Update the Files in /etc | ||||
| 25.7.5 Drop to Single User Mode | ||||
| 25.7.6 Remove /usr/obj | ||||
| 25.7.7 Recompile the Base System | does not need to be further sub-sectioned | |||
| 25.7.7.1 Saving the Output | ||||
| 25.7.7.2 Compile the Base System | ||||
| 25.7.7.3 Timings | ||||
| 25.7.8 Compile and Install a New Kernel | ||||
| 25.7.9 Reboot into Single User Mode | could be at beginning of 25.7.10 | |||
| 25.7.10 Install the New System Binaries | ||||
| 25.7.11 Update Files Not Updated by make installworld | ||||
| 25.7.11.1 mergemaster | ||||
| 25.7.11.2 Manual Update | ||||
| 25.7.12 Rebooting | ||||
| 25.7.13 Finished | this and 25.7.12 could be incorporated into 25.7.11 | |||
| 25.7.14 Questions | this and subsections could be in Synopsis | |||
| 25.7.14.1 Do I need to re-make the world for every change? | questions should not be a title or their own subsection | |||
| 25.7.14.2 My compile failed with lots of signall 11 (or other signal number) errors. What has happened | tagged incorrectly | |||
| 25.7.14.3 Can I remove /usr/obj when I have finished? | ||||
| 25.7.14.4 Can interrupted builds be resumed? | ||||
| 25.7.14.5 How can I speed up making the world? | ||||
| 25.7.14.6 What do I do if something goes wrong? | ||||
| 25.8 Deleting Obsolete Files, Directories and Libraries | ||||
| 25.9 Tracking for Multiple Machines | ||||
| 25.9.1 Preliminaries | some of these subsections belong in a Synopsis | |||
| 25.9.2 The Base System | ||||
| 25.9.3 Ports | ||||
| 26 DTrace | ||||
| 26.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 26.2 Implementation Differences | ||||
| 26.3 Enabling DTrace Support | docs/150255 | |||
| 26.4 Using DTrace | ||||
| 26.5 The D Language | ||||
| IV. Network Communication | ||||
| 27 Serial Communications | ||||
| 27.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 27.2 Introduction | ||||
| 27.2.1 Terminology | ||||
| 27.2.2 Cables and Ports | ||||
| 27.2.2.1 Cables | ||||
| 27.2.2.1.1 Null-modem Cables | tables not rendered as tables? | |||
| 27.2.2.1.2 Standard RS-232C Cables | ||||
| 27.2.2.2 Ports | ||||
| 27.2.2.2.1 Kinds of Ports | ||||
| 27.2.2.2.2 Port Names | ||||
| 27.2.3 Kernel Configuration | ||||
| 27.2.4 Device Special Files | ||||
| 27.2.5 Serial Port Configuration | ||||
| 27.3 Terminals | ||||
| 27.3.1 Uses and Types of Terminals | ||||
| 27.31.1 Dumb Terminals | ||||
| 27.3.1.2 PCs Acting as Terminals | ||||
| 27.3.1.3 X Terminals | should be Xorg | |||
| 27.3.2 Configuration | ||||
| 27.3.2.1 Adding an Entry to /etc/ttys | ||||
| 27.3.2.2 Force init to Reread /etc/ttys | ||||
| 27.3.3 Troubleshooting Your Connection | subsections could all go here | |||
| 27.3.3.1 No Login Prompt Appears | ||||
| 27.3.3.2 If Garbage Appears Instead of a Login Prompt | ||||
| 27.3.3.3 Characters Appear Doubled; the Password Appears When Typed | ||||
| 27.4 Dial-in Service | ||||
| 27.4.1 External Versus Internal Modems | ||||
| 27.4.1.1 Modems and Cables | ||||
| 27.4.2 Serial Interface Considerations | ||||
| 27.4.3 Quick Overview | ||||
| 27.4.4 Configuration Files | ||||
| 27.4.4.1 /etc/gettytab | ||||
| 27.4.4.1.1 Locked-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.4.1.2 Matching-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.4.2 /etc/ttys | ||||
| 27.4.4.2.1 Locked-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.4.2.2 Matching-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.4.3 /etc/rc.d/serial | ||||
| 27.4.5 Modem Settings | ||||
| 27.4.5.1 Locked-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.5.2 Matching-speed Config | ||||
| 27.4.5.3 Checking the Modem's Configuration | ||||
| 27.4.6 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 27.4.6.1 Checking Out the FreeBSD System | ||||
| 27.4.6.2 Try Dialing In | ||||
| 27.5 Dial-out Service | remove reference to BBS? | |||
| 27.5.1 My Stock Hayes Modem is Not Supported, What Can I Do? | combine this and other subsections into a Troubleshooting section? shouldn't 27.5 be incorporated into PPP section? | |||
| 27.5.2 How Am I expected to Enter these AT Commands | ||||
| 27.5.3 The @ Sign for the pn Capability Does Not Work! | ||||
| 27.5.4 How Can I Dial a Phone Number on the Command Line? | ||||
| 27.5.5 Do I Have to Type in the bps Rate Every Time I Do That? | ||||
| 27.5.6 I Access a Number of Hosts Through a Terminal Server | ||||
| 27.5.7 Can Tip Try More Than One Line for Each Site? | tip should be formatted as a command | |||
| 27.5.8 Why Do I Have to Hit Ctrl+P Twice to Send Ctrl+P Once? | ||||
| 27.5.9 Suddenly Everything I Type Is in Upper Case?? | ||||
| 27.5.10 How Can I Do File Transfers with tip? | ||||
| 27.5.11 How Can I Run zmodem with tip? | ||||
| 27.6 Setting Up the Serial Console | docs/101271, docs/169544 | |||
| 27.6.1 Introduction | ||||
| 27.6.2 Serial Console Configuration, Terse Version | ||||
| 27.6.3 Serial Console Configuration | ||||
| 27.6.4 Summary | these subsections could be Tables next to their previous? examples | |||
| 27.6.4.1 Case 1: You Set the Flags to 0x10 for sio0 | ||||
| 27.6.4.2 Case 2: You Set the Flags to 0x30 for sio0 | ||||
| 27.6.5 Tips for the Serial Console | ||||
| 27.6.5.1 Setting a Faster Serial Port Speed | ||||
| 27.6.5.2 Using Serial Port Other Than sio0 for the Console | ||||
| 27.6.5.3 Entering the DDB Debugger from the Serial Line | ||||
| 27.6.5.4 Getting a Login Prompt on the Serial Console | ||||
| 27.6.6 Changing Console from the Boot Loader | ||||
| 27.6.6.1 Setting Up the Serial Console | ||||
| 27.6.6.2 Using a Serial Port Other Than sio0 for the Console | ||||
| 27.6.7 Caveats | ||||
| 28 PPP and SLIP | docs/143041 | |||
| 28.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 28.2 Using User PPP | ||||
| 28.2.1 User PPP | ||||
| 28.2.1.1 Assumptions | ||||
| 28.2.1.2 Automatic PPP Configuration | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.1 PPP and Static IP Addresses | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.2 PPP and Dynamic IP Addresses | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.3 Receiving Incoming Calls | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.4 Which getty? | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.5 PPP Permissions | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.6 PPP Shells for Dynamic-IP Users | no hyphen | |||
| 28.2.1.2.7 PPP Shells for Static-IP Users | no hyphen | |||
| 28.2.1.2.8 Setting Up ppp.conf for Dynamic-IP Users | no hyphen | |||
| 28.2.1.2.9 Setting Up ppp.conf for Static-IP Users | no hyphen | |||
| 28.2.1.2.10 mgetty and AutoPPP | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.11 MS Extensions | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.12 PAP and CHAP Authentication | ||||
| 28.2.1.2.13 Changing Your ppp Configuration on the Fly | ||||
| 28.2.1.3 Using PPP Network Address Translation Capability | ||||
| 28.2.1.4 Final System Configuration | ||||
| 28.2.1.5 Summary | belongs in Synopsis | |||
| 28.3 Using Kernel PPP | ||||
| 28.3.1 Setting Up Kernel PPP | version 7 only? | |||
| 28.3.2 Using pppd as a Client | ||||
| 28.3.3 Using pppd as a Server | ||||
| 28.4 Troubleshooting PPP Connections | ||||
| 28.4.1 Check the Device Nodes | ||||
| 28.4.2 Connecting Manually | ||||
| 28.4.2.1 Debugging | ||||
| 28.5 Using PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) | needs synopsis, this section should only concentrate on differences and not repeat 28.2.1 | |||
| 28.5.1 Configuring the Kernel | remove | |||
| 28.5.2 Setting Up ppp.conf | has no description of what is different in ppp.conf | |||
| 28.5.3 Running ppp | remove | |||
| 28.5.4 Starting ppp at Boot | is this different? if not, remove | |||
| 28.5.5 Using a PPPoE Service Tag | ||||
| 28.5.6 PPPoE with a 3Com® HomeConnect® ADSL Modem Dual Link | is this the only modem that does this? if not, needs to be more generalized for modems that do not follow the RFC, assuming any still exist | |||
| 28.6 Using PPP over ATM (PPPoA) | ||||
| 28.6.1 Using PPPoA with the Alcatel SpeedTouch USB™ | remove as this port is marked as broken | |||
| 28.6.2 Using mpd | port has been renamed to mpd5 | |||
| 28.6.3 Using pptpclient | ||||
| 28.7 Using SLIP | remove as for 7.x only? | |||
| 28.7.1 Setting Up a SLIP Client | ||||
| 28.7.1.1 Things You Have to Do Only Once | ||||
| 28.7.1.2 Making a SLIP Connection | ||||
| 28.7.1.3 How to Shutdown the Connection | ||||
| 28.7.1.4 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 28.7.2 Setting Up a SLIP Server | ||||
| 28.7.2.1 Prerequisites | ||||
| 28.7.2.2 Quick Overview | ||||
| 28.7.2.2.1 An Example of a SLIP Server Login | ||||
| 28.7.2.3 Kernel Configuration | ||||
| 28.7.2.4 Sliplogin Configuration | format as file | |||
| 28.7.2.4.1 slip.hosts Configuration | ||||
| 28.7.2.4.2 slip.login Configuration | ||||
| 28.7.2.4.3 slip.logout Configuration | ||||
| 28.7.2.5 Routing Considerations | ||||
| 28.7.2.5.1 Static Routes | ||||
| 29 Electronic Mail | ||||
| 29.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 29.2 Using Electronic Mail | ||||
| 29.2.1 The User Program | ||||
| 29.2.2 Mailhost Server Daemon | ||||
| 29.2.3 Email and DNS | ||||
| 29.2.4 Receiving Mail | ||||
| 29.2.4.1 Accessing remote mailboxes using POP and IMAP | capitalization | |||
| 29.2.4.2 Accessing Local Mailboxes | ||||
| 29.2.5 The Mail Host | ||||
| 29.3 sendmail Configuration | capitalize or format as command | |||
| 29.3.1 /etc/mail/access | ||||
| 29.3.2 /etc/mail/aliases | ||||
| 29.3.3 /etc/mail/local-host-names | ||||
| 29.3.4 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf | ||||
| 29.3.5 /etc/mail/virtusertable | ||||
| 29.4 Changing Your Mail Transfer Agent | ||||
| 29.4.1 Install a New MTA | ||||
| 29.4.2 Disable sendmail | capitalize or format as command | |||
| 29.4.3 Running Your New MTA on Boot | change to Run (“Configure MTA to Start at Boot” is better) | |||
| 29.4.4 Replacing sendmail as the System's Default Mailer | change to “Replace”, capitalize or format as command | |||
| 29.4.5 Finishing | remove and incorporate content into section | |||
| 29.5 Troubleshooting | don't use questions as header titles | |||
| 29.5.1 Why do I have to use the FQDN for hosts on my site? | ||||
| 29.5.2 sendmail says “mail loops back to myself” | not tagged | |||
| 29.5.3 How can I run a mail server on a dial-up PPP host? | not tagged, does anyone still do this? | |||
| 29.5.4 Why do I keep getting “Relayed Denied” errors when sending mail from other hosts? | ||||
| 29.6 Advanced Topics | should be subsection of above | |||
| 29.6.1 Basic Configuration | ||||
| 29.6.2 Mail for Your Domain | ||||
| 29.7 SMTP with UUCP | does anyone still do this? | |||
| 29.8 Setting Up to Send Only | ||||
| 29.9 Using Mail with a Dialup Connection | related to 29.5.3? | |||
| 29.10 SMTP Authentication | ||||
| 29.11 Mail User Agents | related to 29.2.1, should add more info on GUI apps rather than concentrate on cli? | |||
| 29.11.1 mail | format as command | |||
| 29.11.2 mutt | format as command? | |||
| 29.11.3 alpine | ||||
| 29.12 Using fetchmail | format as command | |||
| 29.13 Using procmail | format as command | |||
| 30 Network Servers | docs/156187 (add bsnmpd) | |||
| 30.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 30.2 The inetd “Super-Server” | format as command | |||
| 30.2.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.2.2 Settings | ||||
| 30.2.3 Command-Line Options | ||||
| 30.2.4 inetd.conf | ||||
| 30.2.5 Security | ||||
| 30.3 Network File System (NFS) | ||||
| 30.3.1 How NFS Works | ||||
| 30.3.2 Configuring NFS | ||||
| 30.3.3 Locking | ||||
| 30.3.4 Practical Uses | ||||
| 30.3.5 Automatic Mounts with amd | format as command | |||
| 30.3.6 Problems Integrating with Other Systems | ||||
| 30.4 Network Information System (NIS/YP) | docs/87936 | |||
| 30.4.1 What Is It? | 30.4.1-30.4.3 should be synopis/introduction | |||
| 30.4.2 Terms/Processes You Should Know | ||||
| 30.4.3 How Does It Work? | ||||
| 30.4.3.1 Machine Types | ||||
| 30.4.4 Using NIS/YP | ||||
| 30.4.4.1 Planning | ||||
| 30.4.4.1.1 Choosing a NIS Domain Name | ||||
| 30.4.4.1.2 Physical Server Requirements | ||||
| 30.4.4.2 NIS Servers | ||||
| 30.4.4.2.1 Setting Up a NIS Master Server | ||||
| 30.4.4.2.2 Initializing the NIS Maps | ||||
| 30.4.4.2.3 Setting up a NIS Slave Server | ||||
| 30.4.4.3 NIS Clients | ||||
| 30.4.4.3.1 Setting Up a NIS Client | ||||
| 30.4.5 NIS Security | ||||
| 30.4.6 Barring Some Users from Logging On | ||||
| 30.4.7 Using Netgroups | ||||
| 30.4.8 Important Things to Remember | ||||
| 30.4.9 NIS v1 Compatibility | ||||
| 30.4.10 NIS Servers That Are Also NIS Clients | ||||
| 30.4.11 Password Formats | ||||
| 30.5 Automatic Network Configuration (DHCP) | needs Synopsis | |||
| 30.5.1 What Is DHCP? | 30.5.1-30.5.6 could be one section entitled “DHCP Client” | |||
| 30.5.2 What This Section Covers | ||||
| 30.5.3 How It Works | ||||
| 30.5.4 FreeBSD Integration | ||||
| 30.5.5 Files | ||||
| 30.5.6 Further Reading | ||||
| 30.5.7 Installing and Configuring a DHCP Server | ||||
| 30.5.7.1 What This Section Covers | ||||
| 30.5.7.2 DHCP Server Installation | ||||
| 30.5.7.3 Configuring the DHCP Server | ||||
| 30.5.7.4 Files | ||||
| 30.6 Domain Name System (DNS) | ||||
| 30.6.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.6.2 Terminology | ||||
| 30.6.3 Reasons to Run a Name Server | ||||
| 30.6.4 How It Works | ||||
| 30.6.5 Starting BIND | ||||
| 30.6.6 Configuration Files | ||||
| 30.6.6.1 /etc/namedb/named.conf | ||||
| 30.6.6.2 Zone Files | ||||
| 30.6.7 Caching Name Server | belongs in Synopsis, or needs to be expounded on how to configure one | |||
| 30.6.8 DNSSEC | ||||
| 30.6.8.1 Recursive DNS Server Configuration | ||||
| 30.6.8.2 Authoritative DNS Server Configuration | ||||
| 30.6.8.3 Automation Using BIND 9.7 or Later | ||||
| 30.6.9 Security | ||||
| 30.6.10 Further Reading | ||||
| 30.7 Apache HTTP Server | ||||
| 30.7.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.7.2 Configuration | ||||
| 30.7.3 Running Apache | ||||
| 30.7.4 Virtual Hosting | ||||
| 30.7.5 Apache Modules | ||||
| 30.7.5.1 mod_ssl | ||||
| 30.7.5.2 Language Bindings | ||||
| 30.7.6 Dynamic Websites | ||||
| 30.7.6.1 Django | ||||
| 30.7.6.2 Ruby on Rails | ||||
| 30.7.6.3 mod_perl2 | ||||
| 30.7.6.4 mod_php | ||||
| 30.8 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) | ||||
| 30.8.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.8.2 Configuration | ||||
| 30.8.3 Maintaining | needs better title | |||
| 30.9 File and Print Services for Microsoft® Windows Clients (Samba) | ||||
| 30.9.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.9.2 Configuration | ||||
| 30.9.2.1 Using the Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT) | ||||
| 30.9.2.2 Global Settings | ||||
| 30.9.2.3 Security Settings | ||||
| 30.9.3 Starting Samba | ||||
| 30.10 Clock Synchronization with NTP | ||||
| 30.10.1 Overview | ||||
| 30.10.2 Choosing Appropriate NTP Servers | ||||
| 30.10.3 Configuring Your Machine | ||||
| 30.10.3.1 Basic Configuration | ||||
| 30.10.3.2 General Configuration | ||||
| 30.10.3.3 Controlling Access to Your Server | ||||
| 30.10.4 Running the NTP Server | ||||
| 30.10.5 Using ntpd with a Temporary Internet Connection | format as command | |||
| 30.10.6 Further Information | ||||
| 30.11 Remote Host Logging with syslogd | ||||
| 30.11.1 Log Server Configuration | ||||
| 30.11.2 Log Client Configuration | ||||
| 30.11.3 Debugging Log Servers | ||||
| 30.11.4 Security Considerations | ||||
| 31 Firewalls | ||||
| 31.1 Introduction | ||||
| 31.2 Firewall Concepts | ||||
| 31.3 Firewall Packages | ||||
| 31.4 The OpenBSD Packet Filter (PF) and ALTQ | ||||
| 31.4.1 Using the PF Loadable Kenrel Modules | ||||
| 31.4.2 PF Kernel Options | ||||
| 31.4.3 Available rc.conf Options | ||||
| 31.4.4 Creating Filtering Rules | use “Filter” instead? | |||
| 31.4.5 Working with PF | ||||
| 31.4.6 Enabling ALTQ | ||||
| 31.5 The IPFILTER (IPF) Firewall | is IPFILTER all caps? | |||
| 31.5.1 Enabling IPF | ||||
| 31.5.2 Kernel Options | ||||
| 31.5.3 Available rc.conf Options | ||||
| 31.5.4 IPF | should be lowercase and formatted as a command | |||
| 31.5.5 IPFSTAT | should be lowercase and formatted as a command | |||
| 31.5.6 IPMON | should be lowercase and formatted as a command | |||
| 31.5.7 IPMON Logging | should be lowercase and formatted as a command | |||
| 31.5.8 The Format of Logged Messages | ||||
| 31.5.9 Building the Rule Script with Symbolic Substitution | ||||
| 31.5.10 IPF Rulesets | ||||
| 31.5.11 Rule Syntax | ||||
| 31.5.11.1 ACTION | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.2 IN-OUT | should not be all uppercase or hyphenated | |||
| 31.5.11.3 OPTIONS | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.4 SELECTION | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.5 PROTO | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.6 SRC_ADDR/DST_ADDR | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.7 PORT | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.11.8 TCP_FLAG | should not be all uppercase or with an underscore | |||
| 31.5.11.9 STATEFUL | should not be all uppercase | |||
| 31.5.12 Stateful Filtering | ||||
| 31.5.13 Inclusive Ruleset Example | ||||
| 31.5.14 NAT | spell out acronym | |||
| 31.5.15 IPNAT | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.5.16 IPNAT Rules | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.5.17 How NAT works | capitalization | |||
| 31.5.18 Enabling IPNAT | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.5.19 NAT for a Large LAN | ||||
| 31.5.19.1 Assigning Ports to Use | ||||
| 31.5.19.2 Using a Pool of Public Addresses | ||||
| 31.5.20 Port Redirection | ||||
| 31.5.21 FTP and NAT | ||||
| 31.5.21.1 IPNAT Rules | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.5.21.2 IPNAT FTP Filter Rules | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.6 IPFW | docs/116588, docs/143416 | |||
| 31.6.1 Enabling IPFW | ||||
| 31.6.2 Kernel Options | ||||
| 31.6.3 /etc/rc.conf Options | ||||
| 31.6.4 The IPFW Command | needs to be lowercase and formatted as command | |||
| 31.6.5 IPFW Rulesets | ||||
| 31.6.5.1 Rule Syntax | ||||
| 31.6.5.1.1 CMD | title makes no sense, text should be moved to 31.6.5.1 | |||
| 31.6.5.1.2 RULE_NUMBER | text should be moved to 31.6.5.1 | |||
| 31.6.5.1.3 ACTION | no need for all caps | |||
| 31.6.5.1.4 Logging | ||||
| 31.6.5.1.5 Selection | ||||
| 31.6.5.2 Stateful Rule Option | ||||
| 31.6.5.3 Logging Firewall Messages | ||||
| 31.6.5.4 Building a Rule Script | ||||
| 31.6.5.5 Stateful Ruleset | ||||
| 31.6.5.6 An Example Inclusive Ruleset | ||||
| 31.6.5.7 An Example NAT and Stateful Ruleset | ||||
| 32 Advanced Networking | docs/55883 | |||
| 32.1 Synopsis | ||||
| 32.2 Gateways and Routes | docs/140847 | |||
| 32.2.1 An Example | ||||
| 32.2.2 Default Routes | ||||
| 32.2.3 Dual Homed Hosts | needs hyphen | |||
| 32.2.4 Building a Router | ||||
| 32.2.5 Setting Up Static Routes | replace with Configuring Static Routes | |||
| 32.2.5.1 Manual Configuration | ||||
| 32.2.5.2 Persistent Configuration | ||||
| 32.2.6 Routing Propagation | ||||
| 32.2.7 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 32.2.8 Multicast Routing | ||||
| 32.3 Wireless Networking | docs/124253 | |||
| 32.3.1 Wireless Networking Basics | ||||
| 32.3.2 Basic Setup | ||||
| 32.3.2.1 Kernel Configuration | title is incorrect, text belongs in 32.3.2 | |||
| 32.3.3 Infrastructure Mode | ||||
| 32.3.3.1 FreeBSD Clients | gratuitous header/title | |||
| 32.3.3.1.1 How to Find Access Points | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.2 Basic Settings | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.2.1 Selecting an Access Point | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.2.2 Authentication | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.2.3 Getting an IP Address with DHCP | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.2.4 Static IP Address | ||||
| 32.3.3.1.3 WPA | spell out acronym | |||
| 32.3.3.1.3.1 WPA-PSK | spell out acronym | |||
| 32.3.3.1.3.2 WPA with EAP-TLS | spell out second acronym | |||
| 32.3.3.1.3.3 WPA with EAP-TTLS | spell out second acronym | |||
| 32.3.3.1.3.4 WPA with EAP-PEAP | spell out second acronym | |||
| 32.3.3.1.4 WEP | spell out acronym | |||
| 32.3.4 Ad-hoc Mode | ||||
| 32.3.5 FreeBSD Host Access Points | add Configuring to title | |||
| 32.3.5.1 Basic Settings | ||||
| 32.3.5.2 Host-based Access Point Without Authentication or Encryption | ||||
| 32.3.5.3 WPA Host-based Access Point | ||||
| 32.3.5.3.1 WPA-PSK | ||||
| 32.3.5.4 WEP Host-based Access Point | ||||
| 32.3.6 Using Both Wired and Wireless Connection | pluralize | |||
| 32.3.7 Troubleshooting | ||||
| 32.4 Bluetooth | ||||
| 32.4.1 Inroduction | ||||
| 32.4.2 Plugging in the Device | needs better title | |||
| 32.4.3 Host Controller Interface (HCI) | ||||
| 32.4.4 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) | ||||
| 32.4.5 RFCOMM Protocol | spell out acronym | |||
| 32.4.6 Pairing of Devices | ||||
| 32.4.7 Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) | ||||
| 32.4.8 Dial-Up Networking (DUN) and Network Access with PPP (LAN) Profiles | ||||
| 32.4.9 OBEX Object Push (OPUSH) Profile | ||||
| 32.4.10 Serial Port Profile (SPP) | ||||
| 32.4.11 Troubleshooting | don't use question/error as title name | |||
| 32.4.11.1 A Remote Device Cannot Connect | ||||
| 32.4.11.2 Something is Going Wrong, Can I See What Exactly is Happening? | ||||
| 32.5 Bridging | ||||
| 32.5.1 Introduction | ||||
| 32.5.2 Situations Where Bridging is Appropriate | subsections could be replaced by numbered list | |||
| 32.5.2.1 Connecting Networks | ||||
| 32.5.2.2 Filtering/Traffic Shaping Firewall | ||||
| 32.5.2.3 Network tap | ||||
| 32.5.2.4 Layer 2 VPN | ||||
| 32.5.2.5 Layer 2 Redundancy | ||||
| 32.5.3 Kernel Configuration | ||||
| 32.5.4 Enabling the Bridge | ||||
| 32.5.5 Firewalling | ||||
| 32.5.6 Spanning Tree | ||||
| 32.5.7 Advanced Bridging | ||||
| 32.5.7.1 Reconstruct Traffic Flows | ||||
| 32.5.7.2 Span Ports | ||||
| 32.5.7.3 Private Interfaces | ||||
| 32.5.7.4 Sticky Interfaces | ||||
| 32.5.7.5 Address Limits | ||||
| 32.5.7.6 SNMP Monitoring | ||||
| 32.6 Link Aggregation and Failover | docs/148071 | |||
| 32.6.1 Introduction | ||||
| 32.6.2 Operating Modes | ||||
| 32.7 Diskless Operation | docs/62412 | |||
| 32.7.1 Background Information | ||||
| 32.7.2 Setup Instructions | ||||
| 32.7.2.1 Configuration Using ISC DHCP | ||||
| 32.7.2.2 Configuration Using BOOTP | uppercase? | |||
| 32.7.2.3 Preparing a Boot Program with Etherboot | ||||
| 32.7.2.4 Booting with PXE | ||||
| 32.7.2.5 Configuration the TFTP and NFS Servers | ||||
| 32.7.2.6 Building a Diskless Kernel | change Diskless to bootp | |||
| 32.7.2.7 Preparing the Root Filesystem | ||||
| 32.7.2.7.1 Using make world to Populate Root | ||||
| 32.7.2.8 Configuring Swap | ||||
| 32.7.2.8.1 NFS Swap | ||||
| 32.7.2.9 Miscellaneous Issues | ||||
| 32.7.2.9.1 Running with a Read-only /usr | ||||
| 32.7.2.9.2 Using a Non-FreeBSD Server | ||||
| 32.8 PXE Booting with an NFS Root File System | ||||
| 32.8.1 Setting Up the chroot Environment for the NFS Root File System | ||||
| 32.8.2 Configuring Memory File Systems Used by /etc/rc.initdiskless | ||||
| 32.8.3 Setting Up the DHCP Server | ||||
| 32.8.4 Configuring the PXE Client and Debugging Connection Problems | ||||
| 32.9 ISDN | is this deprecated? | |||
| 32.9.1 ISDN Cards | how does one get isdn4bsd? | |||
| 32.9.2 ISDN Terminal Adapters | ||||
| 32.9.3 Stand-alone ISDN Bridges/Routers | ||||
| 32.10 Network Address Translation | docs/121952 | |||
| 32.10.1 Overview | ||||
| 32.10.2 Setup | ||||
| 32.10.3 Boot Loader Configuration | ||||
| 32.10.4 Kernel Configuration | ||||
| 32.10.5 System Startup Configuration | ||||
| 32.10.6 Port Redirection | ||||
| 32.10.7 Address Redirection | ||||
| 32.11 Parallel Line IP (PLIP) | does anyone still use this? | |||
| 32.11.1 Creating a Parallel Cable | ||||
| 32.11.2 Setting Up PLIP | ||||
| 32.12 IPv6 | docs/99506, docs/121585, docs/146521, docs/162404, docs/170223, docs/172743 | |||
| 32.12.1 Background on IPv6 Addresses | ||||
| 32.12.2 Reading IPv6 Addresses | ||||
| 32.12.3 Getting Connected | ||||
| 32.12.4 DNS in the IPv6 World | ||||
| 32.12.5 Applying the Needed Changes to /etc/rc.conf | ||||
| 32.12.5.1 IPv6 Client Settings | ||||
| 32.12.5.2 IPv6 Router/Gateway Settings | ||||
| 32.12.5.3 IPv6 Tunnel Settings | ||||
| 32.12.6 Router Advertisement and Host Auto Configuration | ||||
| 32.13 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) | needs a Synopsis and terminology | |||
| 32.13.1 Configuring Classical IP over ATM (PVCs) | ||||
| 32.13.1.1 Fully Meshed Configurations | ||||
| 32.14 Common Address Redundancy Protocol (CARP) | ||||
| 32.14.1 Using CARP for Server Availability (CARP) | remove (CARP) | |||
| V. Appendices | ||||
| A. Obtaining FreeBSD | belongs before Installation, not at end of book | |||
| A.1 CDROM and DVD Publishers | ||||
| A.1.1 Retail Boxed Products | is this still true? | |||
| A.1.2 CD and DVD Sets | ||||
| A.2 FTP Sites | docs/169191, docs/169454 | |||
| A.3 BitTorrent | is this still true? if so, how to seed should be added | |||
| A.4 Anonymous CVS | docs/164958 | deprecated | ||
| A.5 Using CTM | deprecated? | |||
| A.5.1 Why Should I Use CTM? | ||||
| A.5.2 What Do I Need to Use CTM? | ||||
| A.5.3 Using CTM for the First Time | ||||
| A.5.4 Using CTM in Your Daily Life | ||||
| A.5.5 Keeping Your Local Changes | ||||
| A.5.6 Other Interesting CTM Options | ||||
| A.5.6.1 Finding Out Exactly What Would Be Touched by an Update | ||||
| A.5.6.2 Making Backups Before Updating | ||||
| A.5.6.3 Restricting the Files Touched by an Update | ||||
| A.5.7 Future Plans for CTM | ||||
| A.5.8 Miscellaneous Stuff | ||||
| A.5.9 CTM Mirrors | ||||
| A.6 Using Subversion | docs/171292 | |||
| A.6.1 Introduction | ||||
| A.6.2 Installation | ||||
| A.6.3 Running Subversion | ||||
| A.6.4 For More Information | ||||
| A.6.5 Subversion Sites | ||||
| A.7 Using CVSup | deprecated | |||
| A.7.1 Introduction | ||||
| A.7.2 Installation | ||||
| A.7.3 CVSup Configuration | ||||
| A.7.3.1 The refuse File | ||||
| A.7.4 Running CVSup | ||||
| A.7.5 CVSup File Collections | ||||
| A.7.6 For More Information | ||||
| A.7.7 CVSup Sites | ||||
| A.8 CVS Tags | deprecated, equivalent subversion info needs to be added | |||
| A.8.1 Branch Tags | ||||
| A.8.2 Release Tags | ||||
| A.9 rsync Sites | capitalize or format as a command | |||
| B. Bibliography | ||||
| B.1 Books & Magazines Specific to FreeBSD | ||||
| B.2 Users' Guides | could be User | |||
| B.3 Administrators' Guides | could be Administrator | |||
| B.4 Programmers' Guides | could be Programmer | |||
| B.5 Operating System Internals | ||||
| B.6 Security Reference | ||||
| B.7 Hardware Reference | ||||
| B.8 UNIX History | ||||
| B.9 Magazines and Journals | ||||
| C. Resources on the Internet | see notes on subsections | |||
| C.1 Mailing Lists | will add missing mailing lists once entities corrected; needs to be reviewed fr readability by the intended audience | |||
| C.1.1 List Summary | needs better title; tables will look nicer | |||
| C.1.2 How to Subscribe | ||||
| C.1.3 List Charters | ||||
| C.1.4 Filtering on the Mailing Lists | ||||
| C.2 Usenet Newsgroups | ||||
| C.2.1 BSD Specific Newsgroups | ak@ has checked these | |||
| C.2.2 Other UNIX Newsgroups of Interest | ||||
| C.2.3 X Window System | ||||
| C.3 World Wide Web Servers | ||||
| C.3.1 Forums, Blogs, and Social Networks | title misleading as we don't have a blog, we have an aggregator; could use more links? | |||
| C.3.2 Official Mirrors | ||||
| C.4 Email Addresses | deprecated; if useful in the future, should be on a wiki page | |||
| D. PGP Keys | include just a subset (i.e. security officer) and only fingerprints, not complete keys in printed version–suggest adding a link to this section in mailing list section | |||
| D.1 Officers | ||||
| D.2 Core Team Members | ||||
| D.3 Developers | ||||
| FreeBSD Glossary | suggest combining acronyms with spelled out term and definition | |||
| Index | ||||
| Colophon |